How does the laser welding machine perform welding?

How does the laser welding machine perform welding?

How does the laser welding machine perform welding? Simply put, what are the welding modes of the laser welding machine? It is understood that there are two welding modes of laser welding machines, thermal conductivity welding and deep penetration welding. How do these two welding modes work?

The laser power density used in thermal conduction welding is low (105～106W/cm2). After the workpiece absorbs the laser, it only reaches the surface melting, and then relies on heat conduction to transfer heat to the workpiece to form a molten pool. This welding mode has shallow penetration and relatively small depth and width.

The deep penetration welding laser has a high density (106～107W/cm2), and the workpiece is quickly melted and even vaporized after absorbing the laser. The molten metal forms a small hole under the action of steam pressure. The laser beam can directly illuminate the bottom of the hole to make the small hole continue to extend. Until the vapor pressure in the small hole balances with the surface tension and gravity of the liquid metal. When the small hole moves along the welding direction with the laser beam, the molten metal in front of the small hole bypasses the small hole and flows to the back, forming a weld after solidification. This welding mode has a large penetration depth and a large aspect ratio.

In the field of mechanical manufacturing, in addition to those meager parts, deep penetration welding should generally be used. The structure mode of laser welding machine is generally divided into closed type and open type, and these two structures have their own advantages and disadvantages.

The closed type is a structure designed as a closed box that can be opened and closed, and laser work must be carried out in the box. The closed welding machine is equipped with a welding fume adsorption filter system. Therefore, the residual radiant energy and metal welding fumes during the welding process can be shielded, and the health of the operator is protected to the greatest extent.

However, all operations of the closed welding machine must be carried out in a closed working box, and the structure is fixed, which limits the size of the workpiece. Therefore, this welding machine is not suitable for repair welding of large molds. Considering that the remaining radiant laser energy during welding is small, and welding fumes are less harmful to people in places with good ventilation effects, there are also open laser welding machines.

Open institutions also have many structural methods, and their practicability is also quite different. According to Tongpu's many years of experience, the welding machines used for mold repair must be light and flexible, and can be easily moved to suit the needs of different mold repairs. The general domestic laser welding machine is bulky and heavy, and the laser assembly is generally made of a fixed type, which is difficult to move, and is not suitable for repairing large and difficult to move molds.

These are the characteristics and related knowledge of the two welding modes of thermal conduction welding and deep penetration welding in operation. If you want to learn more about laser welding machines, please pay attention to this site for updates.