The Welding Process Suitable for Aluminum Alloy Doors and Windows Market

Aluminum alloy doors and windows are favored by many consumers due to their advantages in environmental protection and energy saving, system configuration, and intelligence. The market share of building doors and windows remains above 55%, Chinese aluminum alloy doors and windows customized market reaches more than 60 billion annually.

In the future, affected by the Chinese national building energy saving policy and the energy crisis, the proportion of energy saving and environmentally friendly aluminum alloy doors and windows will gradually increase, and the market share will increase.

Traditional welding methods are prone to porosity or thermal cracking, and it is difficult to guarantee the welding quality of aluminum alloy materials. Especially for aluminum alloy doors and windows, the welding requirements are very high.

In the situation of medium thick aluminum alloy door frame and lamp frame welding (Material: 5 series-6 series aluminum, material thickness: 0.5-3mm), laser processing has obvious advantages, such as fast processing speed, small deformation, smooth surface, high strength and easy to integrate automatically.

From the point of welding requirements, the welding surface must be raised and not dented, and must not have cracks, pores, and other welding defects. In addition, you need to pay attention to the treatment of the start and end points in the welding process. In the door frame welding process, there must be no repeated solder joints, otherwise the door frame will have defects after polishing, and the use of laser filler wire welding can reduce welding defects.

1. Traditional laser welding process: Swing laser welding without auxiliary materials

(1) Advantages: The welding equipment is simple and no consumables are needed.

(2) Disadvantages:
1. The welding start and end points are prone to repeated solder joints.
2. High requirements for the gap of welding splicing, otherwise it is easy to cause collapse.
3. The welding process is not as stable as the filler wire welding, and prone to welding defects.

(3) Welding skills: use high speed welding (60-150mm) to reduce the start and end points repeated solder joints, and add swing welding to reduce the amount of surface depression. The single module fiber laser is used to make the aluminum material achieve better absorption rate and prevent the aluminum material from being damaged by the laser.

Principle of welding

(4) Process parameters

                     Before welding                                                                       After welding

2. Laser filler wire welding process: add auxiliary materials for swing laser welding

(1) Advantages:
1. The welding start and end points are easy to adjust.
2. The welding gap tolerance is large, and it is not easy to collapse.
3. The welding process is stable and the welding defects are less.

(2) Disadvantages: The machine structure is more complicated.

(3) Welding skills: using filler wire welding to increase the amount of surface protrusion and reduce internal welding defects, (pores, cracks, etc.) swing welding can enhance the fault tolerance of wire feeding. The single module fiber laser is used to make the aluminum material achieve better absorption rate, and prevents the highly reflective aluminum material from causing damage to the laser.

Principle of welding

(4) Process parameters

Welding internal metallographic diagram                                  After welding                    

1500-3000W Single module CW fiber laser