What materials can be welded by laser welding machine?

Laser welding machine

It is an equipment used for welding metal materials. According to the welding mode, it can be divided into fiber continuous laser welding machine, laser spot welding machine and automatic laser welding machine. So what materials can the laser welding machine weld? Shuangcheng Laser will give you a detailed introduction below.

1. Carbon steel

Carbon steel is a very common metal material and is widely used everywhere in life. Carbon steel is welded with a laser welding machine to achieve better results. The impurity content determines the welding quality. To ensure welding quality, preheating is required when the carbon content exceeds 0.25%. When welding steels with different carbon content, the welding torch can be slightly shifted to the side of the low-carbon material to ensure the quality of the joint. Since the heating speed and cooling speed of the laser welding machine during welding are very fast, when welding carbon steel, as the carbon content increases, the sensitivity of welding cracks and notches will also increase. Both medium and high carbon content steel and ordinary alloy steel can be well laser welded, but preheating and post-welding treatment are required to eliminate stress and avoid cracks.

Second, stainless steel

Stainless steel welding is easier to obtain high-quality joints than conventional welding. Due to the high welding speed and small heat-affected zone of laser welding, the overheating phenomenon and the large linear expansion coefficient of stainless steel welding are alleviated, and the welding seam has no defects such as pores and inclusions. Compared with carbon steel, stainless steel is easier to obtain deep penetration narrow welds due to its low thermal conductivity, high energy absorption rate and melting efficiency. Welding thin plates with low-power laser welding can obtain joints with well-formed appearance and smooth and beautiful welds.

3. Copper and copper alloys

The welding of copper and copper alloys is prone to problems of infusion and incomplete penetration. A heat source with concentrated energy and high power should be used, and preheating measures should be taken; when the thickness of the workpiece is thin or the structural rigidity is small and there is no measure to prevent deformation , It is easy to produce large deformation after welding. When the welded joint is constrained by large rigidity, welding stress is easy to occur; hot cracks are easy to occur when welding copper and copper alloys; pores are common defects in copper and copper alloy welding.

Fourth, aluminum alloy

The biggest difficulty of laser welding aluminum sheet and aluminum sheet is that it has a high reflectivity to the laser beam. Aluminum is a good conductor of heat and electricity. The high density of free electrons makes it a good reflector of light. The initial surface reflectivity exceeds 90%. In other words, deep penetration welding must start at less than 10% input energy. This requires a high input power to ensure the necessary power density at the beginning of welding.

5. Low-alloy high-strength steel

As long as the appropriate welding parameters are selected, laser welding of low-alloy high-strength steel can obtain joints equivalent to the mechanical properties of the base metal. HY-130 steel is a typical low-alloy high-strength steel after quenching and tempering, with high strength and high crack resistance. Welding by conventional welding method, the weld and HAZ structure are a mixture of coarse-grained and partly fine original structure. The toughness and cracking of the joint are much worse than that of the base metal, and the weld and HAZ metal in the welded state The organization is particularly sensitive to cold cracks.